vagrant getting started

info

Create and configure lightweight, reproducible, and portable development environments.
download virtualbox
download vagrant

getting started

up and running

     $ vagrant init hashicorp/precise32
     $ vagrant up

     # after running the above 2 commands
     # fully running vm in virtualbox
     # running ubuntu 12.04 lts 32-bit

     # ssh into this vm
     $ vagrant ssh
        
     # you're done playing around
     # remove all traces of it with
     $ vagrant destroy

project setup

make the root directory of your project
```
 $ mkdir vagrant_getting_started
```

describe the kind of machine and resources

 $ cd vagrant_getting_started

 # build-in command for initializing a directory
 # this will place `Vagrantfile` in current directory
 $ vagrant init

 # `Vagrantfile` is meant to be committed to version control with your project

boxes

installing a box

 # if you haven't added a box yet
 $ vagrant box add hashicorp/precise32
 # this will download the box named `hashicorp/precise32`
 # from [HashiCorp's Atlas box catalog](https://atlas.hashicorp.com/boxes/search)

using a box

 # configure our project
 $ pico Vagrantfile
 Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
   config.vm.box = "hashicorp/precise32"
 end

finding more boxes from HashiCorp’s Atlas box catalog

up and ssh

boot your first vagrant environment
```
 $ vagrant up
```

ssh into the machine

 # since vagrant runs vm without a ui
 $ vagrant ssh

 # vagrant shares a directory at /vagrant
 # with the directory on the host containing `Vagrantfile`

 # when done
 $ vagrant destroy
 # back on your host machine
 # vagrant will remove all traces of the vm

synced folders
1. vagrant will automatically sync files to and from guest machine
2. by default vagrant shares your project directory
```
 $ vagrant up
 ...
 $ vagrant ssh
 ...
 vagrant@precise32:~$ ls /vagrant
 Vagrantfile
```

provisioning

installing apache

 # in the same directory of `Vagrantfile`
 $ pico bootstrap.sh
 #!/usr/bin/env bash

 apt-get update
 apt-get install -y apache2
 if ! [ -L /var/www ]; then
   rm -rf /var/www
   ln -fs /vagrant /var/www
 fi

 # next configure vagrant to run this script
 $ pico Vagrantfile
 Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
   config.vm.box = "hashicorp/precise32"
   config.vm.provision :shell, path: "bootstrap.sh"
 end

 # the `provision` line tells vagrant
 # to use the `shell` provisioner to setup the machine

provision

 # after everything is configured just run
 $ vagrant up
 # this will create your machine
 # and vagrant will automatically provision it

 # if vm is running from a previous step
 $ vagrant reload --provision
 # will restarted vm
 # skipping initial import step

 # after vagrant completes running
 # web server will be up and running
 $ vagrant ssh
 ...
 vagrant@precise32:~$ wget -qO- 127.0.0.1

networking

port forwarding

 $ pico Vagrantfile
 Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
   config.vm.box = "hashicorp/precise32"
   config.vm.provision :shell, path: "bootstrap.sh"
   config.vm.network :forwarding_port, host: 4567, guest: 80
 end

 # run
 $ vagrant reload
 # or (depending on if the vm is already running)
 $ vagrant up

 # once the machine is running again
 # load `http://127.0.0.1:4567` in your browser

other networking

 # 1. assign static ip address
 # 2. bridge the guest machine onto an existing network

share called vagrant share

 # once you have an account
 # log in using
 $ vagrant login
 Username or Email: hqlgree2
 Password (will be hidden):
 You're now logged in!

 # once logged in
 $ vagrant share
 ...
 ==> default: Your Vagrant Share is running!
 ==> default: URL: http://frosty-weasel-0857.vagrantshare.com
 ...

 # 1. copy the url outputted for you
 # 2. visit that in a web browser
 # 3. modify your `index.html` and refresh the url. if will be updated
 # 4. to end the sharing session
 # hit `ctrl+c`

teardown

suspending

 $ vagrant suspend
 # save the current running state of the machine and stop it

 $ vagrant up
 # will be resumed from where you left off

halting

 $ vagrant halt
 # gracefully shut down guest os and power down

 $ vagrant up
 # boot it again

destroying

 $ vagrant destroy
 # remove all traces of the guest machine from your system
 # 1. stop the guest machine
 # 2. power it down
 # 3. remove all of the guest hard disks

rebuild

     $ vagrant up
     # run this at any time
     # vagrant will recreate your work environment

providers
1. your project was always backed with virtualbox
2. but vagrant can work with a wide variety of backend providers, such as vmware, aws
```
 $ vagrant up --provider=vmware_fusion
 ...

 $ vagrant up --provider=aws
```

demo

pre-download or copy from the box of your partner reference

     $ pico Vagrantfile
     ...
       config.vm.box_url="path/to/box/file.box"
     ...

     # it will help you save time downloading

my demo

Vagrantfile

 $ pico Vagrantfile
 # -*- mode: ruby -*-
 # vi: set ft=ruby :

 # Ipython port to forward (also set in IPython notebook config)
 ipythonPort = 8001

 Vagrant.configure(2) do |config|
   config.ssh.insert_key = true
   config.vm.define "sparkvm" do |master|
     master.vm.box = "sparkmooc/base"
     master.vm.box_url = "/Users/hqlgree2/.vagrant.d/boxes/virtualbox.box"
     master.vm.box_download_insecure = true
     master.vm.boot_timeout = 900
     # IPython port (set in notebook config)
     master.vm.network :forwarded_port, host: ipythonPort, guest: ipythonPort, auto_correct: true
     # Spark UI (Driver)
     master.vm.network :forwarded_port, host: 4040, guest: 4040, auto_correct: true
     master.vm.hostname = "sparkvm"
     master.vm.usable_port_range = 4040..4090

     master.vm.provider :virtualbox do |v|
       v.name = master.vm.hostname.to_s
     end
   end
 end

start

 $ vagrant up
 Bringing machine 'sparkvm' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
 ==> sparkvm: Box 'sparkmooc/base' could not be found. Attempting to find and install...
     sparkvm: Box Provider: virtualbox
     sparkvm: Box Version: >= 0
 ==> sparkvm: Adding box 'sparkmooc/base' (v0) for provider: virtualbox
     sparkvm: Downloading: file:///Users/hqlgree2/.vagrant.d/boxes/virtualbox.box
 ==> sparkvm: Successfully added box 'sparkmooc/base' (v0) for 'virtualbox'!
 ==> sparkvm: Importing base box 'sparkmooc/base'...
 ==> sparkvm: Matching MAC address for NAT networking...
 ==> sparkvm: Setting the name of the VM: sparkvm
 ==> sparkvm: Clearing any previously set network interfaces...
 ==> sparkvm: Preparing network interfaces based on configuration...
     sparkvm: Adapter 1: nat
 ==> sparkvm: Forwarding ports...
     sparkvm: 8001 => 8001 (adapter 1)
     sparkvm: 4040 => 4040 (adapter 1)
     sparkvm: 22 => 2222 (adapter 1)
 ==> sparkvm: Booting VM...
 ==> sparkvm: Waiting for machine to boot. This may take a few minutes...
     sparkvm: SSH address: 127.0.0.1:2222
     sparkvm: SSH username: vagrant
     sparkvm: SSH auth method: private key
     sparkvm: Warning: Connection timeout. Retrying...
     sparkvm: 
     sparkvm: Vagrant insecure key detected. Vagrant will automatically replace
     sparkvm: this with a newly generated keypair for better security.
     sparkvm: 
     sparkvm: Inserting generated public key within guest...
     sparkvm: Removing insecure key from the guest if its present...
     sparkvm: Key inserted! Disconnecting and reconnecting using new SSH key...
 ==> sparkvm: Machine booted and ready!
 ==> sparkvm: Checking for guest additions in VM...
 ==> sparkvm: Setting hostname...
 ==> sparkvm: Mounting shared folders...
     sparkvm: /vagrant => /Users/hqlgree2/Documents/hadoop/vagrant